At SK Hynix’s vast M14 chip fabrication plant, workers in white, pink and blue clean-room suits inspect rows of machines as 700 robots zip along overhead rails, carrying silicon wafers between different stages of the manufacturing process.
The factory, at the South Korean company’s main campus in the city of Icheon, produces high bandwidth memory (HBM) chips, capable of transferring data equivalent to 200 feature-length movies every second.
For decades, memory chips were the unglamorous end of the semiconductor industry, overshadowed by the logic or processor chips designed and produced by companies such as AMD, Qualcomm, Nvidia and TSMC to conduct calculations and control an electronic device’s operations.