In 2022 Saudi Arabia’s energy minister gave a rare public display of distaste for the role of management consultants who had become virtually indispensable to his own ministry. “The institution has no cadre to keep it sustainable,” complained Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman, half-brother of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, during a talk in Riyadh in November 2022. “No future outlook safeguarded by people who take it from s