As Liang Ya Pai pulls out a nautical map of the South China Sea, he points to a string of resource-rich islands claimed by both Hanoi and Beijing.
Mr Liang, the skipper of a Chinese fishing boat docked in the port of Sanya, and fishermen like him, ply their trade in waters close to the Paracel Islands. The islands, administered by China – which calls them the Xisha – are also claimed by Vietnam and have become the focus of a bitter dispute between the two after Beijing dispatched a floating rig to search for oil and gas in May.
Last month Beijing removed the rig after China National Petroleum Corp said it had found signs of oil and gas.