Supply and demand is a fundamental economic concept, and unemployment is a totemic economic problem. But apply the concept to the problem, and you will not get very far. The logic of supply and demand says that if wages are high, lots of people will want to work, but few people will want to employ them; if wages are low, employers will be hungry to go hiring, but few people will want to work. At equilibrium, the number of hours available equals the number of hours people are willing to work. Unemployment is impossible, unless there is a minimum wage - this suggests, for instance, that unemployment was unknown in the UK before April 1 1999, which is not my recollection. The supply-and-demand approach offers little insight into job-market recessions, or why different countries have such different experiences of employment.
供求是一个基本的manbetx20客户端下载 概念，失业是一个标志性的manbetx20客户端下载 问题。但如果把这一概念应用到这个问题中，你会发现这一理论不会带来很大帮助。按照供求理论，如果薪资高，很多人会愿意工作，但几乎无人愿意聘用他们；如果薪资低，雇主会愿意聘用人手，但几乎无人愿意工作。在均衡水平上，现有的工作小时数与人们愿意工作的时间相同。失业是不可能的，除非有最低工资——按照这个逻辑，1999年4月1日之前，失业在英国是一个陌生的概念，而这与我的回忆不符。供求理论几乎没有给就业市场衰退提供任何洞见，也不能解释为何不同国家有着如此不同的就业状况。