International financial turmoil, domestic recession and a drying up of corporate credit left the Tankan's headline index for the mood of large manufacturers at minus 24, almost a seven-year low. The 21-point quarter-on-quarter fall in the index was surpassed only by a 26-point plunge during the 1973-1974 oil shock.
In spite of the gloomy outlook at home, investors sent the local Nikkei 225 benchmark index up more than 5 per cent on hopes of a bail-out of US carmakers.
The survey mirrored economic news from elsewhere in Asia.
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