Oligopolies are rarely attractive. Add in political sensitivities, and it is no surprise that European regulators are eyeing the credit rating agencies. According to the influential Bruegel think-tank, Moody’s, S&P and Fitch account for all but 3 per cent of credit ratings outstanding.
垄断很少招人喜欢。加上政治敏感性,欧洲监管机构把目光投向评级机构(CRA)也就不足为奇了。根据颇有影响力的智库Bruegel的数据,穆迪(Moody’s)、标准普尔(S&P)和惠誉(Fitch)的信用评级业务在manbetx app苹果 市场的份额占到97%。
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